10-Nitrolinoleate is the product of nitration of linoleate by NO-derived reactive species.{25769,11912} Other nitrolinoleates detected in human plasma and urine include 9-, 12-, and 13-nitrolinoleate.{25770} Nitrolinoleates activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ; Ki = 133 nM), inducing CD36 expression in macrophages, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose uptake.{14255,13284} Nitrolinoleates can also be metabolized by smooth muscle cells to produce nitrite derivatives which in turn form NO, leading to increased cGMP production and smooth muscle relaxation.{11912,13287} Through the same mechanism, nitrolinoleate-derived NO suppresses leukocyte adhesion, in part through nitrosation of CD40.{25768} Alteratively, nitrolinoleates can act independently of NO/cGMP and PPARγ signaling to suppress neutrophil and macrophage functions.{25769,25770,14473}
产品描述
The product of nitration of linoleate by NO-derived reactive species; activates PPARγ (Ki = 133 nM), inducing CD36 expression in macrophages, adipocyte differentiation, and glucose uptake; can also be metabolized to produce nitrite derivatives which in turn form NO, leading to increased cGMP production