Rhein is an anti-inflammatory anthraquinone found in rhubarb and is the bioactive derivative of its prodrug diacerein (Item No. 11710). At 10 µM, rhein inhibits IL-1β signaling, suppressing signaling through NF-κB, and reduces the expression of the matrix metalloproteases MMP-1 and MMP-13.{25637} It inhibits IKKβ (IC50 = 11.8 µM), decreasing iNOS and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages but paradoxically increasing TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMBG1 expression.{28412} Rhein shows efficacy against pancreatic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, and hyperglycemia-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.{28415,28141} It also inhibits angiogenesis of breast cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions.{28413}
产品描述
An anti-inflammatory anthraquinone; inhibits IKKβ (IC50 = 11.8 µM), decreasing iNOS and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages; shows efficacy against pancreatic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, hyperglycemia-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis, and breast cancer cell angiogenesis