Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a hormone secreted by the intestine following a meal1. This hormone is known to enhance the secretion of insulin, important to regulate glucose blood levels. In pancreatic b-cells, other than stimulating insulin secretion, GLP-1 action is also important for b-cell mass expansion.nGLP-1 exerts its biological functions through Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1 receptor), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. Like all members this receptor spans the membrane seven times. GLP-1 receptor couples with Gs, thereby stimulates adenylate cyclase which consequently leads to an increase in cAMP.The receptor is expressed in various tissues, namely the pancreas, adipose tissue, muscle, heart, gastrointestinal tract and liver. GLP-1 receptor is also found in the central nervous system where it provides a neuroprotective effect.The glucagon-like peptide 1 system may serve as a therapeutic treatment in diabetes mellitus, in order to maintain b-cell mass expansion. In addition, the receptor may serve as a therapy target in various neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.